In Kazakhstan, amidst global trends towards the transition to clean energy sources, the topic of constructing a nuclear power plant (NPP) is becoming increasingly relevant. With the growing demand for reliable and stable energy capacities, the government is considering the possibility of creating its own NPP, which would not only strengthen Kazakhstan's energy security but also position the country as a leader in the nuclear industry in Central Asia. The construction of an NPP opens new horizons for attracting advanced technologies, international cooperation, and investments, which will ultimately contribute to the sustainable economic development of the country.
However, along with the prospects, this project raises many questions regarding safety, ecology, and public support. These aspects are discussed in an interview with Edgar Siberger, a business development expert in the nuclear industry from the international company Assystem, France. In a conversation with DKnews.kz Executive Editor Arman Korzhumbayev, Siberger shares his views on the challenges and opportunities awaiting Kazakhstan on the path to building its first nuclear power plant.
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How do you think Kazakhstan's strategic position in Central Asia influences decision-making in the field of nuclear energy, especially in relation to neighboring countries?
Kazakhstan, as the largest country in Central Asia, plays a key role in the region, especially in terms of energy. Its strategic location and vast resources, including the largest uranium reserves in the world, make Kazakhstan an important player in nuclear energy. Decision-making in this area is largely dependent on neighboring countries and international partners. Kazakhstan actively cooperates with Russia, China, and other countries in the field of nuclear energy, which opens up opportunities for creating effective regional energy systems. Such cooperation also helps Kazakhstan strengthen its energy independence and ensure stability in the region.
What mechanisms do you consider effective in managing international cooperation on nuclear and energy projects, and how can they be applied to Kazakhstan's NPP construction plans?
On the international stage, the key mechanisms for successful cooperation are transparency, trust, and clear legal frameworks. It is important to establish sustainable and long-term relationships with partners, based on mutual interests. For Kazakhstan, this means active participation in international organizations such as the IAEA and the development of bilateral agreements with leading nuclear powers. Applying these mechanisms to NPP construction projects in Kazakhstan will not only attract advanced technologies but also ensure compliance with high safety standards, which is crucial for the successful implementation of such projects.
From your perspective, what new opportunities in the nuclear industry could Kazakhstan capitalize on as it moves forward with its NPP plans?
Kazakhstan has unique opportunities not only as a uranium supplier but also as a producer of nuclear energy. With the growing interest in clean energy sources, Kazakhstan can become a leader in the development of small modular reactors (SMRs), which offer more flexible and economically advantageous solutions for energy supply. Additionally, Kazakhstan should consider participating in international projects for the development and implementation of nuclear waste recycling technologies, which could significantly increase the added value in the country's nuclear industry.
Based on your professional experience, what measures could the Kazakh government implement to attract foreign investments and expertise and ensure the success of the project?
To attract foreign investments and expertise, Kazakhstan needs to focus on creating favorable conditions for investors. This includes developing and implementing clear and predictable legal frameworks, ensuring long-term stability in the investment environment, and guaranteeing transparency in the contracting process. Additionally, it is important to establish partnerships with leading global companies in the nuclear industry, which can bring in the necessary knowledge and technologies. Kazakhstan should also consider providing tax incentives and other financial stimuli to attract strategic investors.
How important is public support for the success of nuclear projects? What mechanisms does the French nuclear regulator usually use to ensure support for its energy strategy and effective communication with the general public?
Public support plays a crucial role in the success of any nuclear project. In France, where nuclear energy is the main source of electricity, regulators place great emphasis on communication with the public. The main mechanisms include transparent information about safety, environmental aspects, and the benefits of nuclear energy. Public hearings, meetings with local communities, and educational programs are regularly held. It is important to ensure that people have the opportunity to ask questions and receive answers, which builds trust and reduces concerns. Kazakhstan should pay attention to these practices and adapt them to its conditions to ensure broad support for its nuclear initiatives.
Thank you very much, Edgar, for an interesting conversation and valuable insights!
Thank you for the opportunity to discuss such important issues! I am confident that Kazakhstan has all the chances to become a leader in the nuclear industry in Central Asia.
